Wearable Computing

Now, we'll make the buzzer play a series of tones. Once you've got it down, try writing your own tune! Copy the following code into the Arduino IDE:

// Create an integer variable naming the pin we'll use for the buzzer.
// On the ProtoSnap Plus, it's on A3.

int buzzer = A3;

// Map musical notes to their frequencies by creating variables for them.
// You can find the frequencies for higher and lower notes at:
// https://www.arduino.cc/en/Tutorial/toneMelody

int NOTE_C5 = 523;
int NOTE_CS5 = 554;
int NOTE_D5 = 587;
int NOTE_DS5 = 622;
int NOTE_E5 = 659;
int NOTE_F5 = 698;
int NOTE_FS5 = 740;
int NOTE_G5 = 784;
int NOTE_GS5 = 831;
int NOTE_A5 = 880;
int NOTE_AS5 = 932;
int NOTE_B5 = 988;
int NOTE_C6 = 1047;

// We'll also create a variable for how long to play each note in milliseconds.
// If you make this smaller, the notes will play faster.

int tempo = 500;

void setup()
{
  // Set the buzzer pin to be an output:

  pinMode(buzzer, OUTPUT);
}

void loop()
{
  // This code will play a simple scale from C5 to C6.

  // The tone command takes two parameters: a pin number and a frequency.
  // The tone will play until we stop it with the noTone command.
  // Each of the below blocks plays one note; the note plays during the delay command.

  tone(buzzer,NOTE_C5);
  delay(tempo);

  tone(buzzer,NOTE_D5);
  delay(tempo);

  tone(buzzer,NOTE_E5);
  delay(tempo);

  tone(buzzer,NOTE_F5);
  delay(tempo);

  tone(buzzer,NOTE_G5);
  delay(tempo);

  tone(buzzer,NOTE_A5);
  delay(tempo);

  tone(buzzer,NOTE_B5);
  delay(tempo);

  tone(buzzer,NOTE_C6);
  delay(tempo);

  // A longer delay at the end pauses the sound before looping again.
  // Here we're delaying four times the "tempo" value:

  noTone(buzzer);
  delay(tempo * 4);

  // You can change the note duration by multiplying or dividing the "tempo" value
}

Next, we'll add a bit more complexity by incorporating a button to turn your tune on and off. Once you've succeeded with the button, try instead using the switch. Copy the following code into the Arduino IDE:

// Create an integer variable naming the pins we'll use for the buzzer and button.

int buzzer = A3;
int button = A4;

// Map musical notes to their frequencies by creating variables for them.
// You can find the frequencies for higher and lower notes at:
// https://www.arduino.cc/en/Tutorial/toneMelody

int NOTE_C5 = 523;
int NOTE_CS5 = 554;
int NOTE_D5 = 587;
int NOTE_DS5 = 622;
int NOTE_E5 = 659;
int NOTE_F5 = 698;
int NOTE_FS5 = 740;
int NOTE_G5 = 784;
int NOTE_GS5 = 831;
int NOTE_A5 = 880;
int NOTE_AS5 = 932;
int NOTE_B5 = 988;
int NOTE_C6 = 1047;

// We'll also create a variable for how long to play each note in milliseconds.
// If you make this smaller, the notes will play faster.

int tempo = 500;

void setup()
{
  // Initialize the button as an input with pullup.
  // Pullups keep the inputs from 'floating' when a switch or button is open/unpressed. 
  pinMode(button, INPUT_PULLUP);

  // Initialize the buzzer as an output. 
  pinMode(buzzer, OUTPUT);
}

void loop()
{
  // This code will read the positions of the button, 
  // then use the 'if' command to make LEDs follow these states. 

  // Create variables to store the button input value:
  int buttonState;

  // Read and save the states of the button:
  buttonState = digitalRead(button);

  // The if-else statement lets you do different things based on different inputs:
  // The button will read as LOW when it's pressed
  
  if (buttonState == HIGH) // Check to see if buttonState is HIGH (unpressed) // 
  {
    noTone(buzzer);
  }

  else
  {
    tone(buzzer,NOTE_C5);
    delay(tempo);

    tone(buzzer,NOTE_D5);
    delay(tempo);

    tone(buzzer,NOTE_E5);
    delay(tempo);

    tone(buzzer,NOTE_F5);
    delay(tempo);

    tone(buzzer,NOTE_G5);
    delay(tempo);

    tone(buzzer,NOTE_A5);
    delay(tempo);

    tone(buzzer,NOTE_B5);
    delay(tempo);

    tone(buzzer,NOTE_C6);
    delay(tempo);

    // A longer delay at the end pauses the sound before looping again.
    // Here we're delaying four times the "tempo" value:

    noTone(buzzer);
    delay(tempo * 4);
  }

}

Lastly, we'll incorporate the light sensor, using the sensor to light up LEDs. Copy the following code into the Arduino IDE:

// Create variables for the pins we'll use:

int LightSensor = A2;

int redLED = 6;
int greenLED = A7;
int blueLED = A8;

void setup()
{
  // Initialize the sensor pin as an input, but without a pullup
  // (Pullups are only used for switch inputs)

  pinMode(LightSensor, INPUT);

  // Initialize the output pins:

  pinMode(redLED, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(greenLED, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(blueLED, OUTPUT);

  // Initialize the serial monitor:

  Serial.begin(9600);
}

void loop()
{
  int sensorValue;

  // Read the sensor value (will be 0 to 1023):

  sensorValue = analogRead(LightSensor);

  // Print out the sensor reading to the serial monitor:

  Serial.print("sensor value: ");
  Serial.println(sensorValue);

  // Since the sensor value is 0 to 1023,
  // and analogWrite needs a value from 0 to 255,
  // we'll divide the sensor value by four to scale it down:

  analogWrite(redLED,sensorValue / 4);
  analogWrite(greenLED,sensorValue / 4);
  analogWrite(blueLED,sensorValue / 4);
}

Buzzer tune scale code courtesy of Sparkfun 'Play a Tune' tutorial. Buzzer button code by Andy Boyles Petersen, adapted from Sparkfun. Light sensor code courtesy of Sparkfun 'Sensing Light' tutorial.